Соціальна нерівність як загроза економічній безпеці України
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Дата
2020
Автори
Мороз, С.В.
Moroz, S.
Назва журналу
Номер ISSN
Назва тому
Видавець
Хмельницький національний університет
Анотація
Стаття присвячена аналізу впливу бідності на економічну безпеку України. Розкрито сутність категорії «бідність»,
наведено її характеристику, визначено її критерії, причини як в економічному, так і у соціальному аспекті. Проаналізовано
макроекономічні наслідки впливу бідності в країні і з’ясовано, що це призводить до досить негативних процесів: скорочення
обсягів споживання товарів та послуг; зниження рівня заощаджень домогосподарств, міграція громадян України до інших
країн; замороження валового внутрішнього продукту на досить низькому рівні і обмеження джерел його росту. Зроблено
висновок: допоки населення України буде бідніше за сусідів, існуватиме загроза її суверенітету та територіальній цілісності.
The article is devoted to the analysis of the impact of poverty on the economic security of Ukraine. The essence of the category of poverty is revealed, its characteristics are given, its criteria and reasons in both economic and social aspect are defined. It has been found that poverty has become such a chronic phenomenon for Ukraine that it determines the way of life of the majority of the population and becomes a factor of polarization of society. The macroeconomic consequences of the impact of poverty in the country are analyzed and it is found that this leads to quite negative processes: reduction of consumption of goods and services, therefore, within the country, the volume of aggregate demand remains at a fairly low level and has a limited source of growth; reduction of household savings, so within the national economy decreases the amount of potential investment resources; provokes a low level of wages within the country, compared to neighbouring countries, which in turn provokes the migration of Ukrainian citizens to other countries; freezes the gross domestic product at a fairly low level and limits the sources of its growth. It is concluded that as long as population of Ukraine is poorer than its neighbours, there will be a threat to its sovereignty and territorial integrity. Thus, in terms of GDP per capita, Ukraine remains behind its nearest neighbours three times, and from developed countries – 5–7 times. Ukraine, which is the poorest country in Europe, needs economic growth of 7% per annum for at least 20 years to overcome poverty. It is possible by stimulating aggregate demand and exports of goods with a significant share of value added and most importantly the necessary financial resources - investments of at least 27–35 % of GDP.
The article is devoted to the analysis of the impact of poverty on the economic security of Ukraine. The essence of the category of poverty is revealed, its characteristics are given, its criteria and reasons in both economic and social aspect are defined. It has been found that poverty has become such a chronic phenomenon for Ukraine that it determines the way of life of the majority of the population and becomes a factor of polarization of society. The macroeconomic consequences of the impact of poverty in the country are analyzed and it is found that this leads to quite negative processes: reduction of consumption of goods and services, therefore, within the country, the volume of aggregate demand remains at a fairly low level and has a limited source of growth; reduction of household savings, so within the national economy decreases the amount of potential investment resources; provokes a low level of wages within the country, compared to neighbouring countries, which in turn provokes the migration of Ukrainian citizens to other countries; freezes the gross domestic product at a fairly low level and limits the sources of its growth. It is concluded that as long as population of Ukraine is poorer than its neighbours, there will be a threat to its sovereignty and territorial integrity. Thus, in terms of GDP per capita, Ukraine remains behind its nearest neighbours three times, and from developed countries – 5–7 times. Ukraine, which is the poorest country in Europe, needs economic growth of 7% per annum for at least 20 years to overcome poverty. It is possible by stimulating aggregate demand and exports of goods with a significant share of value added and most importantly the necessary financial resources - investments of at least 27–35 % of GDP.
Опис
Ключові слова
бідність, абсолютна бідність, суб’єктивна бідність, об’єктивна бідність, заробітна плата, робоча сила, трудова міграція, валовий внутрішній продукт, заощадження, інвестиції, економічна безпека, poverty, absolute poverty, subjective poverty, objective poverty, wages, labor migration, gross domestic product, savings, investment, economic security
Бібліографічний опис
Мороз С. В. Соціальна нерівність як загроза економічній безпеці України / С. В. Мороз // Вісник Хмельницького національного університету. Економічні науки. – 2020. – № 4, т. 1. – С. 135-143.